Implementing Business Ethics
“The ethics of a business are whatever the top-dog says they are.”
- Bryce’s Law
INTRODUCTION
We hear a lot these days about the deterioration of ethics in business, e.g., graft,
corruption, cheating, favoritism, skimming money, etc. This has resulted in a public
relations nightmare for business. If consumers do not trust a company, its a matter
of time before it goes out of business. This is supported by recent studies that give
evidence there is a correlation between business performance and ethical practices
(see the Institute of Business Ethics). Basically, the Institute’s study suggests there
are long-term benefits associated with enacting an ethics programs. Such studies
and recent corporate snafus (e.g., Enron) are impetus for companies coming to
grips with ethics in the workplace.
There are essentially two considerations for devising an ethics program in
business; first, knowing what your ethics are, and, second; implementing them
in a consistent manner.
INTERPRETING ETHICS
There is little point in my telling you what is ethically right or wrong. You already
have an interpretation of this. But let us understand what influences our interpretation
of ethics; our interpersonal relations with others, such as our family, friends, neighbors,
fellow workers, as well as the media. Ethics is learned more than it is taught. It is based
on observations of the conduct of others, people we like and respect as opposed to those
we do not. It is then up to each of us to interpret these perceptions from which we will
base our conduct and behavior. The point is, we act on our perceptions, however accurate
or inaccurate they may be. Another influential factor are our own human frailties of
competitiveness, love, greed and ambition. But then again, this goes back to
interpersonal relations.
Let us recognize that ethical behavior is interpreted differently from person to person. What
one person may consider right or wrong may be different for the next person. The objective
in business is to implement a uniform form of behavior thereby instilling consumer
confidence in a company overall.
IMPLEMENTATION
Writing a corporate code of conduct is in vogue today as a means of articulating the
ethics of a business. Such codes are proudly displayed on web sites and in corporate
brochures more for public relations than anything else. True, they are useful for
disciplining an employee for an infraction of the rules, but I do not see them as an
effective way of implementing an ethics program. Understand this, regardless of what
the code of conduct states, the ethics of a business are whatever the top-dog says they
are. Too often I have seen companies say one thing, then act another, e.g.,
Enron.
Printed codes of conduct are nice, but we have to recognize that it is one thing to
enact legislation, quite another to enforce it. As stated earlier, ethical behavior
is based on observations. Regardless of what a code of conduct says in print, ethical
behavior is based on the relationship of superior and subordinate worker
relationships. If a subordinate observes an indiscretion by his superior, in all
likelihood it will be emulated by the subordinate. This phenomenon occurs
top-down in the whole corporate chain of command. If it breaks down anywhere
in the corporate hierarchy, it will become visible to the subordinate layers and
potentially create a “trickle-down” effect. This means the boss has to be a role
model for ethical behavior; they must “walk-the-walk” as well as “talk-the-talk.” If
they do not, it will not go unobserved by their subordinates. Managers, therefore,
should avoid the “do as I say, not do as I do” phenomenon. They must lead by
example. Anything less is sheer hypocrisy and will inevitably lead to changes
in behavior.
It is simply not sufficient to issue platitudes as to what is and what isn’t ethical
behavior. The manager must follow-up and assure ethical behavior is implemented
accordingly. In other words, we shouldn’t just “desire” truth and honesty, we
must “demand” it. If one person gets away with an indiscretion, others will surely
follow. As such, when writing out a code of conduct, be sure to stipulate the
penalties for its violation.
The success of a business ethics program is ultimately measured by how well it
becomes ingrained in the corporate culture. As we have discussed in the past,
corporate culture pertains to the identity and personality of the enterprise. All
companies have a culture; a way they behave and operate. They may be organized
and disciplined or chaotic and unstructured. Either way, this is the culture which
the enterprise has elected to adopt. What is important is that in order for an employee
to function and succeed, they must be able to recognize, accept and adapt to the
culture. If they do not, they will be rejected (people will not work with them).
The intuitive manager understands the corporate culture and how to manipulate
it. Changing the Corporate Culture involves influencing the three elements of the
culture: its Customs, Philosophy and Society. This is not a simple task. It must be
remembered that culture is learned. As such, it can be taught and enforced. For
example, a code of conduct is useful for teaching, as is a system of rewards and
penalties. Designating people to act as watchdogs of the culture can also be useful,
but be careful not to create a climate of paranoia. Ultimately, as a manager, you
want to create a culture that promotes the ethical behavior you desire.
For more information on “Corporate Culture,” see http://www.phmainstreet.com/mba/pride/eespcc.htm
CONCLUSION
We now live in strange socioeconomic times. 40-50 years ago we
normally had one parent staying home to raise the kids. Now it is commonplace
to find families where both the husband and wife are working and paying
less attention to their children, thereby relegating their parenting duties to
teachers and coaches. In other words, the family unit, which is the basic
building block for learning ethical behavior, is becoming severely hampered.
In business today we have a “fast-track” competitive mentality which does not
encourage a spirit of teamwork but, rather, more rugged individualism. Nor
does it promote employee loyalty. Further, we now live in a society that
encourages people to go into debt, thereby causing financial tensions.
Bottom-line, ethics is about people and trust. Consequently, we should be
sharpening our people skills as opposed to avoiding it. We don’t need more
maxims of how we should conduct our lives; we need to lead by example. As
such, we need more role-models and heroes than we do paperwork.
Let me close with one last thought on how ethics impacts business; there
is probably nothing worse in business than being caught in a lie, particularly
by a customer. Any trust that there may have been before disintegrates
immediately and business is lost. In this day and age, there is something
refreshingly honorable about a person where their word is their bond. Ethics
just makes good business sense.
Tim Bryce is the Managing Director of M. Bryce & Associates (MBA)
of Palm Harbor, Florida and has 30 years of experience in the field. He is available for training and consulting on an international basis. He can be contacted at: timb001@phmainstreet.com
Copyright 2006 MBA. All rights reserved.
To Blame or Not To BlameA man can fall many times, but he isnt a failure until he begins to blame somebody else. (John Burroughs)Fire her, she set me up! John yelled quite loudly. He was incredibly angry and for good reason. However, he was really angry at the wrong person. What he was really saying was […]
Written by info on November 27th, 2007 with comments disabled.
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